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The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed on "those who conferred the greatest benefit on mankind" in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace and Economics.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Nobel Prizes-Britannica )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Things About the Nobel Prizes )〕 Instituted by Alfred Nobel's last will, which specified that his fortune be used to create a series of prizes, now known as the Nobel Prizes. They are widely recognized as one of the most prestigious honors awarded in the aforementioned fields. A total of 835 individuals (791 men and 44 women) and 21 organizations were awarded the Nobel Prize, some more than once. Among the total recipients, 11 are Indians (5 Indian citizens and 6 of Indian origin or residency). Rabindranath Tagore was the first Indian citizen to be awarded and Mother Teresa is the only woman in the list. Notably, Sri Aurobindo was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1943 and for the Nobel Prize in Peace in 1950.〔(Nomination Database ). Nobelprize.org. Retrieved on 27 September 2015.〕 On 1 December 1999, the Norwegian Nobel Committee confirmed that Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was nominated for the Peace Prize thrice (in 1937–39, 1947 and a few days before he was assassinated in January 1948). In 2006, Geir Lundestad, Secretary of Norwegian Nobel Committee said, "The greatest omission in our 106 year history is undoubtedly that Mahatma Gandhi never received the Nobel Peace prize. Gandhi could do without the Nobel Peace prize. Whether Nobel committee can do without Gandhi is the question".〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Gandhi and Nobel )〕 ==Laureates == ;Indian citizens The following are the Nobel laureates who were Indian citizens at the time they were awarded the Nobel Prize. ;Laureates of Indian birth and origin who were erstwhile Indian citizens The following are Nobel laureates of Indian birth and origin but subsequently acquired foreign citizenship; however, they are still often included in lists of Indian Nobel laureates. ;Laureates with connections to India The following are Nobel laureates with Indian linkages – those who were born in Brtish India or descent, or those who were residents in India when they became recipients of the Nobel Prize. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nobel laureates of India」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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